Russia's next-generation MBT — a radical unmanned-turret design with a crew armoured capsule, Afganit active protection, and a 125 mm gun, but the program remains mired in low-rate prototypes and has seen no meaningful frontline service.
Russia's most numerous modernized main battle tank — an upgraded T-72B with a 1,130 hp engine, Relikt ERA (on B3M) and a gun-launched ATGM, forming the backbone of its armored force in Ukraine.
Turkey's first indigenous main battle tank — a 65-tonne design derived from South Korea's K2 Black Panther, now entering service with the Turkish Army, featuring a 120 mm smoothbore, the Aselsan AKKOR active protection system, and a powerpack initially sourced from Hyundai.
The British Army's sole main battle tank since 1998 — a heavily armoured, 62.5-tonne brute with a unique 120 mm rifled gun, set to be replaced by the smoothbore-armed Challenger 3.
Russia's most modern serial main battle tank — a deeply upgraded T-90 with a new turret, Relikt reactive armour and a fire-control suite, fielded from 2020 and now the benchmark of Russian armour attrition in Ukraine.
China's top-tier main battle tank — a three-crew, 125 mm autoloader-equipped heavy tank with reactive armour and a turret-mounted laser dazzler, fielded only by the PLA and with no combat record.
Germany's Leopard 2 — the most widely fielded Western main battle tank, a 120 mm four-crew design exported to more than 20 armies and donated to Ukraine, where its 2A4 and 2A6 variants have fought since 2023.
The United States' main battle tank — a four-crew, 120 mm gas-turbine heavy tank whose SEPv3 standard adds the Trophy active-protection system, and which was supplied to Ukraine in 2023.