China
QLZ-87
China's first indigenous automatic grenade launcher — a gas-operated 35mm weapon that delivers squad-level suppressive fire and has proliferated across conflict zones from Sudan to Iraqi Kurdistan.
China's semi-automatic precision grenade launcher, fielded in 35mm for the PLA and 40mm for export — delivering airburst rounds through a window at 600 m.
China's first indigenous automatic grenade launcher — a gas-operated 35mm weapon that delivers squad-level suppressive fire and has proliferated across conflict zones from Sudan to Iraqi Kurdistan.
China’s standard under-barrel grenade launcher — a muzzle-loaded single-shot 35×32mm caseless system that arms the QBZ-95-1 and QBZ-191 rifle families with HE-frag, airburst and dual-purpose grenade effects.
China's Type 86P fragmentation hand grenade — an ovoid plastic-bodied design packing ~1,600 steel balls that replaced the stick-grenade lineage and remains the PLA's standard-issue close-combat frag.
The AGS-30 "Atlant" is Russia's lightweight, crew-served automatic grenade launcher, a 30×29mm belt-fed successor to the AGS-17 that weighs only 16 kg on its tripod and sustains ~400 rpm for mobile infantry fire support.
The AGS-17 "Plamya" is a Soviet-designed, tripod-mounted 30×29mm automatic grenade launcher in service since 1971, delivering indirect suppressive fire to 1,700 m and widely proliferated across Soviet-legacy and export armies.
The GP-25 “Kostyor” is a 40mm caseless under-barrel grenade launcher for AK-pattern rifles — fielded in 1978 and a fixture of Russian infantry squads from Afghanistan to Ukraine.
The iconic Soviet-era defensive fragmentation hand grenade, known as the Limonka, in continuous combat service since the late 1930s.
The standard Soviet/Warsaw Pact offensive fragmentation hand grenade since 1954 — a lightweight, smooth-bodied anti-personnel weapon built for close combat, in continuous service from Afghanistan to Ukraine.
The M32 MGL is a six-shot revolver grenade launcher in 40×46 mm, fielded by the US Marine Corps and SOCOM, offering rapid semi-automatic fire of up to six rounds in under three seconds.
The standard U.S. belt-fed 40 mm automatic grenade launcher — a crew-served, blowback weapon that delivers high-velocity grenade fire against personnel and light armor out to 2,200 m, and has served in every major U.S. deployment since the Gulf War.
The M320 is a single-shot 40×46mm low-velocity grenade launcher that mounts under a service rifle or operates as a standalone weapon with a collapsible stock, adopted by the U.S. Army in 2009 to replace the M203.
The iconic US under-barrel 40mm grenade launcher — a single-shot, slide-forward break-action launcher that equips M16 and M4 rifles with high-explosive, HEDP and specialty rounds, the standard squad-level grenade system for 30+ years.
The M67 fragmentation grenade is the standard US defensive hand grenade since 1961 — a spherical, Composition B-filled weapon with a 5-meter lethal radius, used in every major American conflict from Vietnam to the present.
The QJY-88 is the People's Liberation Army's 5.8mm general-purpose machine gun, chambered for China's indigenous intermediate cartridge and intended to replace older 7.62mm GPMGs — a lightweight design that drew criticism for its limited range and penetration.
Austria's polymer-frame, striker-fired service pistol — the ubiquitous 9×19mm sidearm of NATO militaries and law enforcement worldwide, in continuous production since 1982.
China’s bullpup squad light support weapon, chambered in 5.8×42mm and fed from a 75-round drum — the standard PLA squad-automatic of the Type 95 family.
China's lightweight crew-served heavy machine gun — a 12.7×108mm belt-fed weapon that is among the lightest in its class, fielded by the PLA for infantry and vehicle roles.
The QSZ-92 is China's standard-issue PLA/PAP sidearm — a polymer-frame, rotating-barrel pistol chambered in two distinct cartridge families, including a unique 5.8×21mm armor-defeating round, and now being supplemented by the newer QSZ-193.
The RPK-74, the squad-level light machine gun of the AK-74 family, has provided sustained automatic fire for Russian and allied infantry since the 1970s. Featuring a heavier barrel, bipod, and 45-round magazine, it remains in widespread front-line service.
Russia's standard 12.7×108mm heavy machine gun, developed after the Soviet collapse to replace the NSV and fielded on tripods, vehicles, and main battle tanks from the late 1990s onward.
The PKM is the Soviet Union's workhorse 7.62mm general-purpose machine gun — a belt-fed, open-bolt design that has armed infantry squads, vehicle mounts, and tripod emplacements across more than five decades of continuous combat from Afghanistan to Ukraine.
Russia's standard-issue 9mm service pistol — a DA/SA sidearm adopted to replace the Makarov PM, fielded in Chechnya, Syria and Ukraine, and now being supplemented by newer designs.
The M249 SAW — FN's belt-fed, 5.56mm squad automatic weapon adopted by the US in 1984 and exported to 75+ countries, now being supplemented by the 6.8mm XM250.
The M240 — the US standard 7.62mm general-purpose machine gun, built from the FN MAG and fielded since 1995 — anchors infantry, vehicle, and helicopter firepower across NATO and beyond.
The M2 Browning "Ma Deuce" is the century-old .50 cal heavy machine gun that remains the standard NATO crew-served weapon for anti-materiel, anti-personnel, and vehicle defense.
The US military's iconic 9mm service pistol from 1985 to 2017 — a double-action hammer-fired design that defined the NATO sidearm era and remains in wide legacy and allied service.
The standard US military sidearm since 2017 — a modular, striker-fired 9mm pistol built by SIG Sauer to replace the M9, and the source of a contentious safety controversy.
The QBZ-03 is China’s conventional-layout, folding-stock assault rifle developed alongside the bullpup Type 95 — issued to border, airborne and reserve troops, and exported to Myanmar.
China's new-generation standard assault rifle — a conventional-layout, short-stroke piston platform with modular rail interface, firing the proprietary 5.8×42mm DBP-191 round, replacing the bullpup QBZ-95 family across the PLA.
China's standard-issue bullpup assault rifle for two decades — a gas-operated, short-stroke piston design in the proprietary 5.8×42 mm cartridge, now being replaced by the conventional-layout QBZ-191.
The AK-103 is Russia's 7.62×39 mm assault rifle of the AK-100 series — a modernised Kalashnikov built for export and internal security, keeping the legacy cartridge in a reliable, side-folding platform.
Russia's new-generation standard assault rifle — a fifth-generation Kalashnikov chambered in 5.45×39 mm, with improved ergonomics, burst-fire capability, and the combat-driven 2023 model refinements shaped by the war in Ukraine.
The AK-74M is the modernized Soviet-era 5.45 mm assault rifle that served as the Russian Federation's standard infantry weapon from 1991, bridging the gap from the AK-74 to the AK-12 with a side-folding polymer stock and dovetail optics rail.
The L85A2 (SA80) is the British armed forces’ standard bullpup assault rifle — a 5.56×45mm NATO weapon with a short-stroke piston, 518 mm barrel, and a tumultuous early service life redeemed by a Heckler & Koch mid-life upgrade.
The FN SCAR is Belgium's modular special-operations combat assault rifle in 5.56 mm (Mk16) and 7.62 mm (Mk17), adopted by USSOCOM and over a dozen other forces, combining a short-stroke piston with quick-change barrels.
Germany's standard-issue assault rifle from 1997 — a lightweight, polymer-intensive 5.56 mm design by Heckler & Koch that served through Kosovo and Afghanistan, and whose accuracy controversy reshaped Bundeswehr procurement.
The HK416 is Heckler & Koch's piston-driven re-engineering of the AR-15 platform — widely fielded as a special-forces carbine, France's standard rifle, and the US Marine Corps' M27 Infantry Automatic Rifle.
The U.S. Army's next-generation high-pressure 6.8 mm rifle, replacing the M4 in close-combat formations with greater range and barrier penetration.
The standard US carbine of the post-Cold-War era — a compact, 5.56 mm direct-impingement select-fire weapon that served across Afghanistan, Iraq and dozens of allied forces.
China's modular, long-range wheeled multiple-launch rocket system — built to strike targets up to 500 km across the Taiwan Strait with a mix of guided rockets and Fire Dragon tactical ballistic missiles, and the keystone of the PLAGF's deep-fires modernization.
Russia’s 300 mm heavy multiple-launch rocket system — the BM-30 Smerch and its modernised GLONASS-guided Tornado-S successor — delivering area saturation and precision deep fires out to 120 km.
The United States' wheeled, C-130-transportable precision rocket artillery system — battlefield-proven in Ukraine and known as the "sniper of artillery," firing GMLRS, ATACMS, and the future PrSM.
Russia's air-droppable infantry fighting vehicle — a lightweight, amphibious tracked IFV armed with a 100 mm gun-launcher and 30 mm autocannon, fielded by the VDV airborne forces.
China's high-speed amphibious assault family — ZBD-05 IFV and ZTD-05 assault gun with a planing hull that achieves water speeds of 25–45 km/h, purpose-built for over-the-horizon landings and the Taiwan contingency.
China's core wheeled 8x8 armored vehicle family — an amphibious, modular platform fielded in over 20 derivatives from infantry carrier to 105 mm assault gun, and the backbone of the PLA's medium combined-arms brigades.
China's primary modern tracked infantry fighting vehicle — a BMP-3-influenced design built by NORINCO, armed with a 100 mm gun-launcher and coaxial 30 mm autocannon, and the backbone of the PLA Army's heavy and medium combined-arms brigades.
Russia's mainstay modern wheeled armored personnel carrier — an amphibious 8x8 with a 30 mm autocannon that first saw combat in Syria and is now heavily used in Ukraine.
The BMP-2 is the world’s most widely proliferated tracked infantry fighting vehicle — a lightweight, amphibious Soviet-legacy design that marries a 30 mm autocannon with anti-tank missiles and has been a fixture of every major ground conflict since the 1980s.
Russia's heavily armed tracked infantry fighting vehicle — a 100 mm gun-launcher with an integral 30 mm autocannon, amphibious, and a staple of mechanized units that has suffered catastrophic losses in Ukraine.
The U.S. Army’s modern tracked armored personnel carrier, built on a Bradley-derived chassis to replace the M113 family across the Armored Brigade Combat Team.
The Stryker family of wheeled 8×8 armored vehicles — the backbone of US Army Stryker Brigade Combat Teams, fielded since 2002 and exported to Ukraine, with variants from base troop carrier to 30 mm Dragoon and counter-drone directed-energy platforms.
The Boxer is a modular 8×8 multirole armoured vehicle – a common drive platform that accepts mission-specific modules to deliver protected mobility in roles from troop transport to infantry fighting vehicle and reconnaissance.
Germany's premier tracked IFV — a 30 mm airburst cannon, modular armor, and the most powerful engine in its class, equipping the Bundeswehr's Panzergrenadier units and the NATO Very High Readiness Joint Task Force.
The CV90 is a Swedish tracked infantry fighting vehicle family — a modular, heavily protected design serving across NATO's northern flank and now combat-proven in Ukraine.
The M2 Bradley is the U.S. Army's tracked IFV — a 25 mm chain gun, TOW missiles, and a six-man infantry squad on a single armored chassis, proven from Desert Storm to the close-range tank kills of the Ukraine war.
China's export-tracked 155 mm self-propelled howitzer — the PLZ-05A's international face, offered by NORINCO but with no confirmed sales.
China’s premier truck-mounted howitzer — a 155 mm/L52 wheeled system designed for rapid shoot-and-scoot, air mobility, and export success, with a combat-proven record through Pakistan.
China’s main modern tracked 155 mm self-propelled howitzer — a L/52 autoloaded gun fielded by the PLA since 2008, with no export record and no verified combat use.
Russia's new 8×8 truck-mounted 152 mm self-propelled howitzer — a cheaper, more mobile addition to the artillery park designed for rapid shoot-and-scoot in the drone-saturated battlefield.
Russia’s next-generation tracked 152 mm self-propelled howitzer—a fully automated, crew-isolated design intended to replace the 2S19 Msta-S and bring a claimed reach beyond 70 km, though still in limited, pre-mass-combat introduction.
Russia’s mainstay 152 mm tracked self-propelled howitzer — the 2S19 Msta-S, with its 2A64 ordnance, entered service in 1989 and remains the backbone of Russian divisional artillery, with the modernized 2S19M2 adding digital fire control.
The 2A65 Msta-B is a Soviet-era 152 mm towed gun-howitzer that entered service in 1987 and remains the backbone of Russian divisional artillery — now heavily committed in Ukraine, where its towed configuration leaves it acutely exposed to drone-cued counter-battery.
The K9 Thunder is South Korea's 155 mm/L52 tracked self-propelled howitzer — the most widely exported SP gun in the world and the backbone of NATO's eastern-flank tube artillery.
Sweden's fully automated 155 mm wheeled self-propelled howitzer — a crew-under-armor shoot-and-scoot system delivering precision strikes at extended ranges, fielded by Sweden, the UK, and Ukraine.
France's truck-mounted 155 mm self-propelled howitzer — a high-mobility wheeled artillery system that has redefined shoot-and-scoot with NATO-standard range and a growing presence across Ukraine’s front lines.
Germany's high-tempo tracked 155 mm self-propelled howitzer, prized for its burst rate of fire and long reach, serving across NATO and Ukraine.
The U.S. Army’s latest tracked self-propelled howitzer — a 155 mm L/39 gun on a Bradley-common chassis, built to sustain indirect fire for armored brigade combat teams.
The M777 (M777A2) is a lightweight 155 mm towed howitzer—air-transportable, titanium-built, and combat-proven from Iraq to Ukraine.
Russia's next-generation MBT — a radical unmanned-turret design with a crew armoured capsule, Afganit active protection, and a 125 mm gun, but the program remains mired in low-rate prototypes and has seen no meaningful frontline service.
China's leading export main battle tank — a 52-tonne, 125 mm smoothbore platform with a hard-kill active protection system, tailored for foreign buyers but never adopted by the PLA.
The Type 96B is the latest evolution of China’s most numerous main battle tank — a heavily upgraded 2.5-generation design that melds a third-generation turret with a second-generation chassis, first seen at the 2016 Tank Biathlon.
Russia's gas-turbine main battle tank — a deep modernization of the T-80BV with Relikt ERA, a 1,250 hp turbine, and extensive combat use in Ukraine.
Russia's most numerous modernized main battle tank — an upgraded T-72B with a 1,130 hp engine, Relikt ERA (on B3M) and a gun-launched ATGM, forming the backbone of its armored force in Ukraine.
Turkey's first indigenous main battle tank — a 65-tonne design derived from South Korea's K2 Black Panther, now entering service with the Turkish Army, featuring a 120 mm smoothbore, the Aselsan AKKOR active protection system, and a powerpack initially sourced from Hyundai.
Italy's sole domestic third-generation main battle tank — a 54-tonne, 120 mm smoothbore platform now undergoing a C2/AMV upgrade to address obsolescence and low fleet availability.
France’s high-speed third-generation main battle tank — a three-man design built around a 1,500 hp Hyperbar diesel and a 120 mm L/52 smoothbore with an autoloader, now undergoing a fleet-wide digital upgrade to the XLR standard.
The British Army's sole main battle tank since 1998 — a heavily armoured, 62.5-tonne brute with a unique 120 mm rifled gun, set to be replaced by the smoothbore-armed Challenger 3.
Russia's most modern serial main battle tank — a deeply upgraded T-90 with a new turret, Relikt reactive armour and a fire-control suite, fielded from 2020 and now the benchmark of Russian armour attrition in Ukraine.
China's top-tier main battle tank — a three-crew, 125 mm autoloader-equipped heavy tank with reactive armour and a turret-mounted laser dazzler, fielded only by the PLA and with no combat record.
Germany's Leopard 2 — the most widely fielded Western main battle tank, a 120 mm four-crew design exported to more than 20 armies and donated to Ukraine, where its 2A4 and 2A6 variants have fought since 2023.
The United States' main battle tank — a four-crew, 120 mm gas-turbine heavy tank whose SEPv3 standard adds the Trophy active-protection system, and which was supplied to Ukraine in 2023.